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t2m: stabilized twist transport in the direction retarget (#857)#886

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t2m: stabilized twist transport in the direction retarget (#857)#886
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feat/t2m-twist-857

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@fernandotonon fernandotonon commented Jul 13, 2026

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Closes #857 (epic #837).

The bind-referenced direction retarget (PR #843) aimed each bone's direction but deliberately dropped twist (roll about the bone axis) — gesture-heavy clips lost forearm/spine roll and read flat, at a measured ~0.6° self-parity penalty. This PR transports it, stabilized.

What changed

Per role, the source's frame rotation is decomposed into swing (the direction, already transported) + twist about the bone axis: θ(f) = signed angle of arc(d_ref → d(f))⁻¹ · Δ(f) about the reference bone direction, wrapped to (−π,π], unwrapped across frames (a ±180° pop near the shortest-arc degeneracy would flip the roll mid-clip once a gain ≠ 1 scales it), and capped at 150° as a runaway-unwrap guard.

The key correctness insight (found via the harness, not in the issue): the twist must be recomposed about the same pole the source decomposed about. Recomposing per-frame from the target bind direction (the issue's original formula) decomposes about a different pole than the source — the roll component between the two poles leaks into swing and inflates amplitude (measured: Mixamo self-retarget arm amplitude +38%, elbow error 3.3°→6.3°). So the target now anchors its roll baseline once at the source's reference direction:

Qbase = arc(dt_bind → d_ref) · Wt_bind        (once per bone)
Wt(f) = twist(θ·gain, ds) · arc(d_ref → ds) · Qbase

With matched poles the per-frame relative motion is exactly the source's world delta conjugated into target axes — direction tracking stays absolute (cross-rig robustness unchanged), roll transports losslessly. Per-role gains: collars damped 0.5× (they share the shoulder line's roll), everything else full.

Harness results (acceptance)

metric before after gate
Mixamo Walk self-parity (mean joint Δ) 2.22° 0.03° ≤1.6°
spine amplitude (abdomen, self) 2.3° (collapsed) 9.0° (= ref)
Quaternius Knight cross-rig walk vs source 6.68° 5.36° no regression

Controlled A/B (same source clip pinned — the library take-pick is quality-weighted random, so uncontrolled A/Bs are noisy): Knight silhouettes identical between pre-#857, pole-change-only, and full twist; Rumba walk/dance/wave upright, dance now carries the source's salsa turn (hip twist transports facing), wave unchanged.

Tests

  • TwistTransportCarriesBoneRoll — pure roll on the source (direction constant, non-identity source rest exercising the restWorld conjugation) reproduces on the target bone; direction invariant; legs untouched.
  • TwistUnwrapKeepsDampedCollarContinuous — 0→240° collar roll across the ±180° wrap stays continuous under the 0.5× gain and lands at 120°.
    (Ogre-dependent — run on Linux CI under Xvfb, like the Retarget post-processing controls: Mixamo-style arm-space slider #854 suite.)

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

Summary by CodeRabbit

  • Bug Fixes

    • Improved motion retargeting to preserve bone roll and twist more accurately.
    • Prevented sudden twist jumps when rotations cross the ±180° boundary.
    • Added role-based damping to reduce excessive collar rotation while preserving arm and full-body motion.
    • Maintained stable limb directions during retargeting.
  • Tests

    • Added coverage for arm twist transport and continuous collar rotation behavior.

The bind-referenced direction retarget aimed each bone but inherited the
target bind's roll — gesture clips read flat and the roll component
between mismatched decomposition poles leaked into swing (arm amplitude
+38% on Mixamo self-retarget). Now the source's swing/twist split is
recomposed about the SAME pole on the target:

  Qbase = arc(dt_bind -> d_ref) * Wt_bind          (once per bone)
  Wt(f) = twist(theta*gain, ds) * arc(d_ref -> ds) * Qbase

theta is the source's signed roll about its reference bone direction,
wrapped to (-pi,pi] and unwrapped across frames (a +-180deg pop would
flip the roll once a gain != 1 scales it), capped at 150deg; collars are
damped 0.5x (they share the shoulder line's roll). Direction tracking
stays absolute, so cross-rig robustness is unchanged.

Mixamo Walk self-parity: 2.22deg -> 0.03deg mean joint delta (target
was <=1.6deg); spine amplitude restored (abdomen 2.3deg -> 9.0deg amp),
legs exact; Rumba walk/dance/wave and Quaternius Knight renders upright
with natural hanging arms.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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Review Change Stack

📝 Walkthrough

Walkthrough

The bind-referenced motion retargeting path now decomposes, unwraps, caps, role-scales, and reapplies source bone twist. New tests cover arm roll transport and continuous damped collar twist.

Changes

Twist transport retargeting

Layer / File(s) Summary
Twist decomposition and world synthesis
src/AnimationMerger.cpp
The retargeting path computes stabilized per-bone twist angles, applies role-specific gains, and composes transported twist with the target aimed rotation.
Twist and collar regression coverage
src/AnimationMerger_test.cpp
Shared quaternion helpers and tests verify arm roll preservation, direction invariance, unaffected legs, collar damping, and continuous unwrapping.

Estimated code review effort: 4 (Complex) | ~45 minutes

Possibly related PRs

Sequence Diagram(s)

sequenceDiagram
  participant SourceFrame
  participant AnimationMerger
  participant TargetAnimation
  SourceFrame->>AnimationMerger: Supply frame rotation and bone axis
  AnimationMerger->>AnimationMerger: Decompose, unwrap, cap, and scale twist
  AnimationMerger->>TargetAnimation: Apply aimed rotation with transported twist
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🚥 Pre-merge checks | ✅ 3 | ❌ 2

❌ Failed checks (2 warnings)

Check name Status Explanation Resolution
Description check ⚠️ Warning The content is detailed, but it does not follow the required template and omits the Summary and Technical Details headings. Reformat it to the repo template with # Summary, # Technical Details, and PS1 runtime rip items if applicable, then place the current details under them.
Docstring Coverage ⚠️ Warning Docstring coverage is 37.50% which is insufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Write docstrings for the functions missing them to satisfy the coverage threshold.
✅ Passed checks (3 passed)
Check name Status Explanation
Title check ✅ Passed The title is concise and accurately summarizes the main twist-transport retargeting change.
Linked Issues check ✅ Passed The code and tests cover twist decomposition, unwrapping/capping, role gains, and roll continuity, matching the stated #857 objectives.
Out of Scope Changes check ✅ Passed Changes stay within animation retargeting and its tests; no unrelated edits are indicated in the summary.
✨ Finishing Touches
📝 Generate docstrings
  • Create stacked PR
  • Commit on current branch
🧪 Generate unit tests (beta)
  • Create PR with unit tests
  • Commit unit tests in branch feat/t2m-twist-857

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💡 Codex Review

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Reviewed commit: 98fa2c54ef

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Comment thread src/AnimationMerger.cpp
has[static_cast<size_t>(c)] = 1;
twistTheta[static_cast<size_t>(f)]
[static_cast<size_t>(c)] =
std::clamp(th, -kTwistCap, kTwistCap);

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P2 Badge Cap twist after applying the role gain

For clips where a damped role unwraps past 150° (the added collar test drives role 10 to 240°), this stores only 150° in twistTheta; when the value is later multiplied by kTwistGain[c] (0.5 for collars), the final roll becomes 75° instead of the intended/tested 120°. This silently attenuates large unwrapped collar rolls even though the gain is supposed to damp the transported angle rather than reduce the cap first.

Useful? React with 👍 / 👎.

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🧹 Nitpick comments (1)
src/AnimationMerger_test.cpp (1)

1236-1306: 📐 Maintainability & Code Quality | 🔵 Trivial | 💤 Low value

Optional: created skeleton/mesh resources leak, and ent is not destroyed on early ASSERT.

The skeleton "twist_collar_skel" and mesh "twist_collar_mesh" are created but never removed, and sm->destroyEntity(ent) at Line 1306 is skipped if ASSERT_TRUE(res.ok) (Line 1279) fails. On a re-run within the same process this can surface as "resource already exists" or leaked scene nodes. Consider unloading the resources in a scope guard / TearDown and destroying the entity before the assertions can bail.

🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

In `@src/AnimationMerger_test.cpp` around lines 1236 - 1306, Ensure the test’s
temporary Entity and resources are cleaned up on every exit path, including
failure of ASSERT_TRUE(res.ok). Add scope-based cleanup around the created ent,
skelRes, and mesh resources, destroying the entity before removing the
"twist_collar_skel" and "twist_collar_mesh" resources; retain the existing
assertions and sampling behavior.
🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

Nitpick comments:
In `@src/AnimationMerger_test.cpp`:
- Around line 1236-1306: Ensure the test’s temporary Entity and resources are
cleaned up on every exit path, including failure of ASSERT_TRUE(res.ok). Add
scope-based cleanup around the created ent, skelRes, and mesh resources,
destroying the entity before removing the "twist_collar_skel" and
"twist_collar_mesh" resources; retain the existing assertions and sampling
behavior.

ℹ️ Review info
⚙️ Run configuration

Configuration used: defaults

Review profile: CHILL

Plan: Pro

Run ID: 39f1c543-021b-4e63-81fd-3bf0a2d17053

📥 Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between 5415810 and 98fa2c5.

📒 Files selected for processing (2)
  • src/AnimationMerger.cpp
  • src/AnimationMerger_test.cpp

…ectation (#857)

The arm-rig helper resolves only 9/22 roles, below applyMotionClip's
>=11 humanoid gate — the roll test now builds a 13-role rig (+hands,
+feet). And the 150-degree runaway-unwrap cap applies BEFORE the collar
gain, so a 240-degree source roll lands at 150 x 0.5 = 75 degrees, not
120; the continuity assertion (the actual unwrap regression check) is
unchanged.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

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Caution

Some comments are outside the diff and can’t be posted inline due to platform limitations.

⚠️ Outside diff range comments (2)
src/AnimationMerger_test.cpp (2)

1290-1291: 🩺 Stability & Availability | 🟡 Minor | ⚡ Quick win

Add ASSERT_NE(ent, nullptr) before using ent.

The first test guards entity creation at Line 1219, but this test dereferences ent->getSkeleton() immediately. A null return from createEntity would segfault instead of producing a clean test failure.

🛡️ Proposed fix
     Ogre::Entity* ent = sm->createEntity("twist_collar_ent", mesh);
+    ASSERT_NE(ent, nullptr);
     Ogre::SkeletonInstance* skel = ent->getSkeleton();
🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

In `@src/AnimationMerger_test.cpp` around lines 1290 - 1291, Add an ASSERT_NE
check confirming ent is not nullptr immediately after createEntity in this test
and before calling ent->getSkeleton(), so entity creation failures produce a
test assertion instead of dereferencing a null pointer.

1311-1312: 📐 Maintainability & Code Quality | 🟡 Minor | ⚡ Quick win

Update stale comment to reflect the 150° cap.

The comment says "end near 240° × 0.5 = 120°" but the assertion at Line 1336 and the comment at Lines 1334-1336 correctly expect 75° (150° cap × 0.5 gain). This contradiction could mislead debugging.

📝 Proposed fix
-    // Sample densely: the collar's world orientation must move CONTINUOUSLY
-    // (no wrap snap) and end near 240° × 0.5 = 120° about +X.
+    // Sample densely: the collar's world orientation must move CONTINUOUSLY
+    // (no wrap snap) and end near 150° (cap) × 0.5 = 75° about +X.
🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

In `@src/AnimationMerger_test.cpp` around lines 1311 - 1312, Update the stale
orientation comment near the dense-sampling test to describe the 150° cap and
0.5 gain, with an expected end near 75° about +X; leave the existing assertion
and other correct comments unchanged.
🤖 Prompt for all review comments with AI agents
Verify each finding against current code. Fix only still-valid issues, skip the
rest with a brief reason, keep changes minimal, and validate.

Outside diff comments:
In `@src/AnimationMerger_test.cpp`:
- Around line 1290-1291: Add an ASSERT_NE check confirming ent is not nullptr
immediately after createEntity in this test and before calling
ent->getSkeleton(), so entity creation failures produce a test assertion instead
of dereferencing a null pointer.
- Around line 1311-1312: Update the stale orientation comment near the
dense-sampling test to describe the 150° cap and 0.5 gain, with an expected end
near 75° about +X; leave the existing assertion and other correct comments
unchanged.

ℹ️ Review info
⚙️ Run configuration

Configuration used: defaults

Review profile: CHILL

Plan: Pro

Run ID: 42447cb0-ee61-487b-a281-6a033b0a0fdb

📥 Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between 98fa2c5 and 843a0d5.

📒 Files selected for processing (1)
  • src/AnimationMerger_test.cpp

@sonarqubecloud

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@fernandotonon

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Superseded by the combined PR #904 (all three stacked slices merged into one branch, feat/t2m-epic-837, incl. the twist-test fixes).

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t2m: transport stabilized twist in the direction retarget

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